Which revolution is most associated with the rise of capitalist economies?

The Industrial Revolution is primarily associated with the rise of capitalist economies because it marked a significant transition from agrarian economies based on manual labor and handicrafts to industrial economies characterized by machine manufacturing and factory production. This transformation began in the late 18th century and continued into the 19th century, fundamentally altering how goods were produced and consumed.

During this period, innovations such as the steam engine, mechanized textile machines, and advancements in metallurgy led to increased productivity and efficiency. This shift not only spurred economic growth but also facilitated the accumulation of capital, enabling entrepreneurs to invest in new ventures and expand industries. The rise of factories created a labor market where workers traded their labor for wages, a cornerstone of capitalist economies.

The Industrial Revolution also resulted in significant social changes, including urbanization as people moved to cities for factory work. The accumulation of wealth by industrialists and the emergence of a consumer culture further solidified capitalism as the dominant economic system in many parts of the world. The relationship between industrialization and capitalist economies is foundational, making the Industrial Revolution the correct answer to this question.